To mix the silicone I like to use a plastic spoon or even something disposable like a large craft stick or wooden paint stirrers that can easily be thrown away. Start by cutting of any flappy edges. The smaller size means that the molds do not insulate the soap as well as large slab or loaf molds.

I have a few that are tackyand some that are drier. How do you keep them from warping while being stored? molds I also have a resource on making silicone slab/block molds! Smooth-On is one of the most popular manufacturers of silicone. In the upper part (shown on the right) I left an empty space for the logo. I am looking into the 5lb mold with sliding bottom from brambleberry.com but, I havent seen a top for the mold. There are pros and cons to every type of mold. Debra recently started an organic herb farm in the mountains of Western North Carolina. Dont skip it. Mold negatives These are the items that you want to mold. If your item is made of wood, clay or plaster youll need to seal it with acrylic. Sodium lactate is a key additive to use when working with silicone molds. Divide 24.1 by 16 to get per ounce. Here are some links to give you some ideas. Most items made of glass, plastic, acrylic or other smooth and shiny surfaces do not need to be sealed. This makes it easy to achieve a complete gel phase throughout the soap. Do you think its doable? document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2009 - 2022 DIY NaturalPrivacy Policy | Disclaimer and Disclosure. Bramble Berry wood molds are made out of top grade Birch plywood that is both sturdy and durable, click here to learn how to care for them.

Thank you Debra. Like the mixing container, just let it sit until the silicone is cured and you can usually peel it off to reuse the utensil. DIY Natural is a trademark of The Jabs Group, LLC. Cold process soap can require up to a week to unmold from plastic molds. One negative aspect of recycled molds is they may not be very sturdy, and may produce bars that are not completely straight or uniform. We tied ours up with festive polka dot washi tape. The consistency should be that of modeling clay. The container should not be used for food storage once used to make soap. how can I be asisted, Im not entirely sure! You can use clear or colored silicone. Debra is a master gardener, a certified herbalist, a natural living instructor, and more.

https://www.smooth-on.com/support/calculators/, http://www.makeyourownmolds.com/adjust-a-mold-box, https://www.smooth-on.com/tutorials/build-mold-box/, How to Get Essential Oils to Stick in Cold Process Soap. Silicone mold making is fun! If notyou might require one more step. The other 3 times were good but with gel phase . I love the wooden molds too though, because of how nicely they gel soap. Silicone molds are fun and easy to make. Super easy! Then I cut two slits down opposite sides about half way down. The 5 lb. Your email address will not be published. This model will be cast into silicone which will be the actual mold so you don't have to flip the side of the logo.

How to Make a Drop Swirl Cold Process Soap Design. I simply put a piece of tape over them but it would be better to push some clay down into the holes. For examplehere is a glass bird that I found which made a cute mold. Silicone molds are my favorite too! Soap making molds come in various shapes, sizes and materials. Keeping the soap cool will prevent gel phase. Silicone molds store best in a cool, dry place. Im not sure if this has ever been tested for using for edible foods Vanessa, so I would steer clear of this use. . Tear strength Measures a rubbers ability to tear. Infantland Blog, Infantland Blog | Silicone Ice Molds Fun Kitchen Activities for Babies Infantland Blog. Trim if needed and tape. Weve been very happy with the results. It can be made several different ways. Before adding the soap to the mold, I sprinkled some rainbow nonpareils in the mold. So glad youre enjoying the 10 Silicone Loaf Mold Mary Ann! Read more about insulating soap here: http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/tips-and-tricks/when-to-insulate-handmade-soap/, They will also have a difference in bar size! Ha! Soap does take longer to harden in silicone molds because there is no air in contact with the soap. As it is silicone, i did not have to use release agent, but you shoul do a test before. If you dontlook what can happen! all you have to do is mix equal volumes of part a and part b liquids and mix. One itemI always need for soap making is a good soap mold. Basic Cold Process Soap Recipes to Get You Started! Remember, youll need to seal both wood and clay with acrylic.

Love all your recipes! Subtract the mold negative from the mold box. To make the logo, I used a laser cutting machine. The wood was hard to line and then cut evenly. Be sure to get it all covered because if there are any leaks, you cant go back and fix them later because silicone wont bond to silicone. Ok great! Im always in the market for unique molds, but they can be difficult to find, and often a littleexpensive. This is great, we never knew that this could be possible. Adding sodium lactate also makes a huge difference; check out the Unmolding Cold Process Soap from Plastic Molds for more tips and an experiment with hard/soft oils and sodium lactate. Can you give me a clue how do I find it, or may be you can recommend where to buy it? Learn How to Make Your Own Silicone Soap Molds, Natural Ant Repellent Spray: A Simple and Safe Spray That Works, Adhesive Remover: Simple, Natural Homemade Goo Gone Recipe, How To Clean Washing Machine: A Top Loading Washer Naturally, Homemade Dog Shampoo Bar: A Simple and Natural Recipe, Learn How to Make Natural Pectin For Jelly and Jam, Stir the soap into the water. Mold box Or a mold container is the vessel in which you place your mold negative and pour the silicone into. Could you tell me and/or do you have a method I could review for measurements. Read more about Weight vs. Volume in this post: http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/tips-and-tricks/a-guide-to-weight-vs-volume/, 4 Silicone Loaf Mold: https://www.brambleberry.com/4-Silicone-Loaf-Mold-P5531.aspx. Im not sure how soap would do in plaster of Paris either, so I would recommend lining the mold with heavy duty plastic wrap. because it had to be shippedfrom China. where did you get your logo made? This is an important step. in. Along with recognizing soap characteristics I guess we have to recognize our own patience levels when deciding!! Ill fill it with something heavier and use both a dab of hot glue to glue it to the mold box. RTV Room Temperature Vulcanization (room temperature cure).

Avoid all metal containers for soaping with. It required a Dremel to saw it into two pieces.

First I cut around the base like I did with the pumpkin. You can find lexan sheets from a local plastic supplier, ebay or even in the form of a cutting mat at the grocery store. The sodium hydroxide lye reacts with the metal releasing hydrogen gas which is very dangerous. To make this process easier, many of the Bramble Berry wood molds have silicone liners available. Youll want to pour the silicone into the containers at the lowest point and on the bottom of the container if possible. Because of that, we typically use silicone or plastic molds. Use with confidence. Wash the mold in case there isany dirt or debris on it, and dry well. I like to use grams to be as accurate as possible. A mold box/container is what will contain your mold negative and what youll pour the silicone in to make your mold. Those may be options for you! Personally, silicone molds have become my new go to after years of using wood molds. To get rid of the bubbles on the surface of the soap, you can spray alcohol on the surface. Now its time to pour the silicone into the mold boxes / containers! Mold negative 3 x 2 x 2 = 12 cu. You can then do a quick Google search on making silicon molds, then use your new master cast to make a mold for your soap. The good thing about glass paper weights is they dont need to be sealed. Below in the tutorial, I show you how to make one out of PVC and lexan sheets. Let stand for at least 20-30 minutes before opening the mold. In order to have the general shape of the soap, I made a polystyrene model of the soap on a metal lathe. Shore hardness Gauges the softness or hardness of the silicone. Silicone usually has a really high melting point around 400F. on Introduction. You can also use bath salt tubes if you happen to have objects that fit inside of them. Thats awesome, glad youre loving soapmaking! Holy moly, the color combo in that first picture *drool*. We selected Double Butter Glycerin Soap for a creamy opaque appearance and cut off four 1x2 chunks. Tutorials on soapmaking, bath fizzies, lotions and more, July 29, 2015 Filed Under: Tips & Tricks. Thank for the advice! What I would do is take an object shaped like you would like your soap to be shaped and using clay, you can sculpt your brand name onto that soap-shaped object. Ive seen your tutorial on lining a wooden mold; is there any reason to shy away from using wood for melt-and-pour? Sometimes it takes a little time to find the right type of mold for you. I use regular scotch tape. Paper weights There are all sorts of really cute glass paper weights including birds, frogs, fish and other animal shapes. If using rigid molds, they should be lined with freezer paperotherwise you may never get the soap out! When the silicone is cured, peel it off of the mold object. Did you have access to a laser machine or did you have it made from an online service? Somehave cost me $15-$25. Great! The key is to break the airlock by gently pulling away the sides of the mold from the soap. We have found that they both distribute color and gel nicely. In fact, Bramble Berry has more than 400 plastic molds to choose from. You may check Etsy or teachsoap.com/forum. So you can do two things; you can fill them with BBs or something similar or hot glue them down in your mold box. I made soap 4 times first one was good small batch in plastic mold . EEK! in.

Make sure you use a lot of glue around the cavities or silicon might leak out. So, you can put about 6.7 ounces of soap in each layer for a nice even look.

Very interesting. of silicone needed. Squeeze enough silicone into the bowl for theproject you have in mind. Food soaps including cupcakes, cookies, vegetables and fruit are always the rage! DIY Natural is about rediscovering the traditional value of doing things yourself, doing them naturally, and enjoying the benefits. Cardboard milk containers are also a good option, as the inside is normally lined with a nonstick coating. Since salt and pepper shakers are hollowthey will float if you simply pour silicone over them. I measured out 800 grams of Part A (sticky white base) and 80 grams of Part B (pink liquid). Ready for maple trees and pumpkins? Metal or glass containers are not recommended for cold process soap molds. Both wooden slab molds and wooden loaf molds are great options! The good news is theyre pretty sturdy molds, so you have a few storage options. . That sounds like its going to be a fun and interesting project! If you experience any resistance when removing cold process soap, stop and give it a few more days in the mold. https://www.smooth-on.com/support/calculators/. Wrap it around your object until you have about 1/2 of space between the object and the plastic. Instead of using gel phase to help prevent soda ash, you can spritz the soap with 99% isopropyl alcohol every 15 minutes for an hour. This silicone is measured by weight. You have plenty of time to act and it takes only 6 hours before you can release the mold. Its not worth it to tear the sides or bottom of your project! Fake food! The pumpkin was easy.

It seems to me that the slab mold might gel better in the center and not so much on the edges, perhaps making the color inconsistent from bar to bar. If you rely solely upon this advice you do so at your own risk. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam.

(Example: Ifyou want to make a sea shell mold, youllneed enough silicone to cover the mold at about inch thick, and a bit extra for overlap on the sides.). The soap should pull out of the mold easily. In the end I will have two molds: the top with the logo, and the bottom (by which I pour the soap). I would suggest getting whichever one you think would work better for your recipes. If you cant imagine itthere is probably a plastic mold for it! You should pour way sooner than that though as it will start to set up and thicken even before that time is up. You dont want to waste it if you dont have to.Basically you will determine the cubic inches of the mold box and the cubic inches of the mold negative. They are sturdy, cost effective and act as great insulators for cold process soap. Thank you so much for all your work. A mold box is what will contain your mold negative and what youll pour the silicone in to make your mold. Sodium lactate is a liquid salt that helps produce a harder bar of soap that lasts longer in the shower. This is ready to pour silicone into. Learn more about gel phase and when to insulate your soap in this post. Here is an easy one, the pumpkin. You can make a lexan container that is custom sized to fit your objectthus reducing wasted silicone. This means that instead of waiting 3-4 days to unmold your project, you can often unmold the very next day! You can also carve mood or sculpt clay into an entirely custom made mold. Becareful, the soap can be very hot! Sodium lactate is another step, but you might be surprised how easily it will slip into your cold process routine. It took me a little while to get into the habit of adding it, but now its just part of my lye prep! She taught Matt and Betsy how to make soap so they decided to bring her on as a staff writer! Natural Ant Repellent Spray: A Simple and Safe Spray That WorksThis natural ant repellent uses essential oils for ants and it works well. I prefer the 10A when doing the single cavity soap molds. Learn more about preventing gel phase here: http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/tips-and-tricks/when-to-insulate-handmade-soap/. For a school project I had to make a soap that would have my project's logo on it.

But dont forget to factor in the time and money involved with shipping. Dont forget to line your wood molds! Anything to seal up the surface will work nicely. Learn how your comment data is processed. Leave for at least 12 hours. Near the end you say the "Once cured, the resin is not dangerous" What resin? I melted it in a ceramic cup, and poured it in the mold. The tutorial for that soap will be up later today! Read on for the easy steps for How to Make Soap with Molds. The other reason is that lye reacts with many metals, including aluminum, tin and zinc. Times this by the specific gravity of the silicone to determine the amount needed. Dont leave it, it may become rancid over time and be difficult to remove. This silicone comes in two parts and when mixed it cures at room temperature. The silicone I am using has a pot life of 45 minutes. Firmly press the mold form (in this case, the sea shell) into the silicone. I also do this with salt and pepper shakers and other similar items. It is simple, inexpensive, and safe for use indoors and out. Once you make the silicone containers / mold boxesit is time to mix and pour the silicone. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Pros: Wide variety of shapes and designs, cost effective, great for small batches,professional looking bars Such a good point Sherry! Thats my favorite mold.

:)! . , 10 Silicone Loaf Mold: https://www.brambleberry.com/10-Silicone-Loaf-MoldP5199.aspx, [] https://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/tips-and-tricks/back-to-basics-how-to-choose-a-soa… [], 2022 Soap Queen Site Design by Emily White Designs. I do like the different shape options for silicon molds but invariably I mess up softer soaps by trying to unmold too soon. The Mold Max series has a mix ratio of 100:10 and you do have to use a scale to weigh each part. Some of my favorite objects to make molds out of are: *You need to make sure you cover the holes in the salt and pepper shakers or theyll just fill up with silicone. , Find out more about lining your mold here: http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/cold-process-soap/how-to-line-any-mold/, And find some great melt and pour molds here: https://www.brambleberry.com/For-Melt-Pour-C547.aspx. With a large mold like this, be sure to use something stable underneath, like an old cookie tray. I would recommend using plastic or silicone something with some flexibility. It may also be the dye from the spoon. 10 years ago Reply in. For this reason I like to fill with BBs, pellets, sand or something similar. The salt tubes and plastic sheet containers are easy to unmold. =). Mold box Mold negative = 18 cu. A wood mold is used in the Blue Rain Drop Swirl Cold Processto insulate the soap. I'd have to sell a big quantity to make any money, but i don't intend to. You can also decrease the superfat level to 3% or water discount at 10%. We recommend adding 1 tsp. They are simply plastic so are just like using the lexan or plastic sheets. Thanks Amanda! Matt and Betsy are passionate about living naturally and building a like-minded community focused on the sustainable lifestyle. This ensures that there isnt any unmixed silicone stuck to the sides or bottom or your original container that will mess up the molds. Infantland Blog | Silicone Popsicle molds, Fun Kitchen Activities. But the slab molds would fit better in my oven if I choose to do that.

Depending on the item that you molded, finishing the mold might require different steps. Lining also helps ensure the soap does not leak. Almost as addictive as soap making, making your own molds will have you scouring antique stores for old paper weights and looking at everything as a DIY mold potential! Glue the base using hot glue and leave no gaps for the silicone to run out of. I used a sheet of cast acrylic for this part of the model. The glass was hard to get out evenly without scratching the soap. The silicon will take every little detail, but the soap is not as permissive. Adhesive Remover: Simple, Natural Homemade Goo Gone RecipeThis adhesive remover recipe is a natural homemade goo gone that works without using all the harsh chemical additives. Can I use disposable loaf pans? Popular options include yogurt containers, pudding cups and tofu containers. Our Birchwood molds come with lids, as does our Tall Narrow Wood Loaf Mold. I am very excited about making some of these molds. 10A is the most flexible and 60A is much stiffer. Just about any container can be turned into a soap mold with proper lining. Just make sure no part of your object is touching the plastic wall. Will you make your own now? Ill show you how to make one out of lexan sheets, PVC pipe and a salt tube. In this post I am using Bramble Berrys pourable silicone. 2 Mixing containers Plastic mixing containers work well.

See in the below picture where there is some streaked silicone stuck to the edge? Any info on pros & cons would be appreciated! Free Beginners Guide to Soapmaking: Cold Process, Click here to read more about sodium lactate, Bramble Berry has more than 400 plastic molds, Unmolding Cold Process Soap from Plastic Molds, Back to Basics: Layered Lavender Cold Process Tutorial, Back to Basics: Crisp Cotton Swirl Cold Process, http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/tips-and-tricks/when-to-insulate-handmade-soap/, https://www.brambleberry.com/10-Silicone-Loaf-MoldP5199.aspx, https://www.brambleberry.com/Search.aspx?k=birchwood+molds, https://www.brambleberry.com/Tall-Narrow-Wood-Loaf-Mold-P6122.aspx, https://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/cold-process-soap/stormy-seas-cold-process/, https://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/rainbow-heart-swirl-cold-process-tutorial/, http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/melt-and-pour-soap/how-to-recycle-your-recyclables/, http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/melt-and-pour-soap/making-wedding-favors-on-soap-queen-tv-2/, https://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/cold-process-soap/how-to-line-any-mold/, http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/cold-process-soap/how-to-line-any-mold/, https://www.brambleberry.com/For-Melt-Pour-C547.aspx, http://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/tips-and-tricks/a-guide-to-weight-vs-volume/, https://www.brambleberry.com/4-Silicone-Loaf-Mold-P5531.aspx, Back to Basics: How to Choose a Soap Mold Soap Queen | Keep It Simple Momma, https://www.soapqueen.com/bath-and-body-tutorials/tips-and-tricks/back-to-basics-how-to-choose-a-soa…, DIY Crystal Soap Gift Set (with printable! Its crucial to consider what kind of mold youll be using when designing a soapy project. You can use an old paint brush to By using this site, you are agreeing to the sites terms of use. When it forms a ball, continue by following Steps 3 and 4 from Method #1 above. Let your creativity roll! I do not know which mold should I use . Required fields are marked *. Each mold has its positives and negatives, and so much just depends on personal preference! document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Some links may be affiliate links. No content on this site may be reused in any fashion without written permission. And is I east to remove the soap? I am using pourable silicone from Bramble Berry and the silicone is mixed using a ratio of 100A/10B. It is even in color and no streaks. Silicone Molds I havent made any soap yet, however I have watched Soap Queen TV & have purchased alot of books on the subject. When lining any mold, keep in mind that freezer paper is much different from wax paper. So glad you like it Mokhe! Keep them coming. I dont think they sell it anymore, but the process is still the same! We need to add a bottom to the PVC so that the silicone does not flow out from underneath. You can find spray acrylic at the local home improvement or hardware store. Silicone should be safe for most things, but I cant verify it. Smooth-On Link for tin cure silicones. Is there any recommended grade of steel to use? Lightly dusta clean surface with starch of your choice. Cons: Can be difficult to unmold, requires more time to unmold, prone to soda ash, difficult to make large production batches DISCLAIMER: Information on DIY Natural is not reviewed or endorsed by the FDA and is NOT intended to be substituted for the advice of your health care professional. Wrap soap in favor bags, or parchment paper for a pretty presentation. ), Activated Charcoal Skin Benefits & Tips for Use, Single Oil Cold Process Soap Lather Tests, How to Substitute Oil in Cold Process Recipes, Water Discounting Cold Process Soap: How & Why, Free Beginners Guide to Soapmaking: Common Soapmaking Oils, Free Beginners Guide to Soapmaking: Melt and Pour, Sunday Night Spotlight: Melt and Pour Bases, How to Use Instagram for Business + Tips on Building Your Community, How to Calculate the Price of Your Products, Understanding FDA Cosmetic vs. Drug Claims, 5 Tips to Take Soaping from Hobby to Business, 20,000 Bars of Soap in 8 Weeks Chatting with Revive Bath & Body, Interview with Lauren of Single Barrel Soaps, How Leaning on Books Improves Product Photography, Chatting with Zahida of Handmade in Florida, Sparkling Champagne Soap Cupcakes on Soap Queen TV, Clover & Aloe Spin Swirl Cold Process on Soap Queen TV, How to Make Whipped Body Butter on Soap Queen TV, Pumpkin Spice Latte Sugar Scrub on Soap Queen TV, Buttermilk Bastille Baby Bar on Soap Queen TV. Wood Mold with Sliding Bottom doesnt come with a top. Around each of them i glued a piece ofpolystyrene in a circle, forming two distincts cavities of same size. Plus,you mention that you need more than ONE to make batches of soap, so why do you only have ONE shell shape? Some even say Im obsessed! In the picture below you can still see some streaks. Would you be able to use these for cooking too like as chocolate/candy molds or for cupcakes/ cookies or would you suggest not using them for edibles? You mean the silicone, I think. Other mold options include recycled containers, plastic and wood molds. When using plastic molds I make sure my recipe contains solid oils, and I always use sodium lactate. LOL! Which is more effective, wood or silicon? I found these directions from 1833 on how to make soap. More Posts You'll Love2692 Check out fake food on Ebay or other online stores and see what you can find. If you want to avoid gel phase completely, you may want to place the mold and soap into the fridge or cool place. Place a dab of hot glue onto your object and glue it to the base centered in the mold box. I could cast my nose in alginate or plaster of Paris but I am worried about how the soap may respond to both or either of those materials. (cubic inches per pound). Thank you for your help and suggestions! Their product was similar to Mold Max and had a ratio of 100:10 (I believe!). Like we did with the PVC pipe, create a base for this mold container. Its actually not hard at all to do. Its clear to everyone who knows methat I love to make handmade natural soap. Make sure your PVC pipe is large enough that your mold has at least 1/4-1/2 from your object to the container edges. I have been producing moringa soap in PNG and wanted to seek assistance so to have a brand name on my soap.I needed soap mold that will contain my brand name. Hello, Mix the silicone until there are no streaks remaining.

This method is similar, but works with a dry component. on Introduction. You can clean up any rough edges with a fine grit sandpaper. So you simply cant pull it out. Pros: Easy to unmold soap with flexible material, easy to clean, no need to line mold, long lasting,professional looking bars While the rest of you are breaking out the cozy cardigans, here in Texas we are still seeing triple digit temps so it seems perfectly reasonable for us to share a how-to for the adorable ice cream-shaped soap that we made for Quinns Ice Cream Social Party this year. . Take out the silicone cast of your nose, spray on a release agent, then use your new fake nose to make a silicone mold. Its important to keep this in mind when insulating wood molds; because they insulate the soap naturally, placing the mold on a heating pad may not be necessary. Click here to read more about caring for molds. of sodium lactate per pound of oils in your recipe to cooled lye water. I filled the baby doll head with pellets. The 4 Silicone Loaf Mold holds 20 ounces of soap. Weigh Part B into the same container.

You dont want to pour that into a mold or it will not come outgood. Does the mold come with a top? This natural ant repellent uses essential oils for ants and it works well. You sure can, Gail! Dont store anything heavy directly on top of the silicone or they can get a little bent out of shape when you first use them. Cons: Shapes not consistent, may need to line mold, mold may only be good for one use. Sprinkle some starch over the top. Pros: Create unique shapes, cost effective, eco friendly Silicone molds are extremely popular due to their ease of use. The one I am using is 24 hours.After 24 hours, remove your silicone molds from the mold containers. That is why this step is important. If the soap was poured directly into the cardboard, the soap would stickto the box. Wood molds also need to be lined with freezer paper to avoid the soap from sticking to the mold. I typically do both. Below, my PVC pipe is cut and ready to go. This is the hard part and Smooth-On explains it a lot better than I could. The trick is that cold process soap can be a little bit tricky to remove from plastic molds. Thank you so much, glad you love the soap! This makes the silicone rise from the bottom around the object and helps to not create a bunch of air bubbles. Just trying to understand! Absolutely! It is simple, inexpensive, and safe for use indoors and out. If you'd like to use an image, please be a friend and credit the photo and link back to Soap Queen. If using a plastic mold for your cold process project, we recommend using a large amount of hard oils (palm oil, coconut oil, cocoa butter, etc) to help the soap harden. And how might you get the food grade stuff? Good instructions, but read step 4 again. Wood Molds Then using a utility knife, cut a circle around the base of the pumpkin. Can I use stainless steel for soap mold in cold process soap?

The info in this blog post was on a topic that I taught at conferences several years ago.

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